IBM Coding Assessment: Common Questions and Expert Answers

Published: 05 Nov 2025 | Reading Time: 4 min read

Table of Contents

Introduction to IBM Coding Assessment

IBM — International Business Machines Corporation — is a name recognized the world over, renowned for its innovations and legacy. IBM has transformed the technology landscape from crafting the first mainframes to breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, cloud computing and quantum technologies. IBM has continually redefined the possibilities of what technology can do for business and society.

For decades, IBM has helped to define the way the world computes, and behind that legacy are engineers and problem solvers that think beyond the obvious. Because of this, applying to IBM requires the identification of individuals who can act as organic glue that combines logic and creativity, people who can build scalable solutions and challenge the paradigm in practical applications.

Whether you are targeting roles in software engineering, data science, or cloud development, understanding the IBM coding assessments is the first step in applying to a company that values intelligence and innovation.

Why You Should Read This Blog

This comprehensive guide provides essential insights for IBM coding assessment preparation:

Importance of IBM Coding Interviews in Recruitment

IBM's hiring process is considered to be very thorough, especially when it comes to hiring technical employees. Coding interviews constitute a major part of the IBM hiring process because they assess:

Key Assessment Areas

Coding rounds at IBM are intended not simply to determine if you can solve a problem but rather demonstrate how you approach a problem.

Programming Concepts and Patterns for IBM Coding Assessments

IBM coding interviews usually focus on a set of core programming concepts and patterns that you can become proficient in. Mastering these concepts will enable you to solve many typical interview problems, in addition to conveying your problem-solving ability and coding skills.

Key Concepts and Patterns

1. Arrays

2. Strings

3. Recursion

4. Number Theory

5. Data Structures

6. Searching and Sorting

7. Complexity Theory

8. Functions and OOP Concepts

Why These Matter

IBM interviewers often design problems that require combining these concepts. For example, a question may require string manipulation using arrays or finding patterns in data using recursion.

Top Coding Questions and Answers 2025

While preparing for the IBM coding assessment round, candidates should familiarize themselves with these common topics:

Common Topics

Quick Recap

The IBM coding assessments assess problem solving, logic, and coding efficiency under time constraints. They can test candidates on arrays, strings, recursion, number theory, data structures, and algorithms. Successful candidates must apply logic and concepts, write clean code, manage time effectively, and bring all the concepts together. Candidates must focus on practice, optimization, and clarity to succeed in IBM technical rounds.

Step-by-Step Solutions for IBM Coding Questions

To be successful in IBM coding assessment, candidates must develop their problem-solving skills, clear logic, to prepare for the System Engineer role, ASC role, or any technical role. Below is a comprehensive step-by-step solution and explanations of common IBM coding questions, with code examples in popular programming languages.

1. Find the HCF of Two Numbers Without Using Recursion

Problem: Write a program to find the HCF (Highest Common Factor) of two numbers without using recursion.

Example:

Input: 70 15
Output: 5

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int m, n;
    scanf("%d %d", &m, &n);

    while (m != n) {
        if (m > n) {
            m = m - n;
        } else {
            n = n - m;
        }
    }
    printf("%d", m);
    return 0;
}

2. Find the Factorial of a Number

Problem: Write a program to find the factorial of a number.

Example:

Input: 5
Output: Factorial of 5 = 120

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int n;
    unsigned long long factorial = 1;

    printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        factorial *= i;
    }

    printf("Factorial of %d = %llu\n", n, factorial);
    return 0;
}

3. Compress String with Character Frequencies

Problem: Given a string of characters followed by their frequency, compress it into a proper format.

Example:

Input: a3b5c2a2
Output: abc

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void properCompression(const char *s, char *result) {
    int freq[256] = {0}; // Frequency array for ASCII

    for (int i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i += 2) {
        char c = s[i];
        int count = s[i + 1] - '0';
        freq[c] += count;
    }

    int index = 0;
    for (char c = 'a'; c <= 'z'; c++) {
        if (freq[c] > 0) {
            result[index++] = c;
        }
    }
    result[index] = '\0';
}

int main() {
    char inputStr[] = "a3b5c2a2";
    char compressedResult[100];
    properCompression(inputStr, compressedResult);
    printf("%s\n", compressedResult);
    return 0;
}

4. Calculate Sum of Digits of a Number

Problem: Write a program to calculate the sum of digits of a number.

Example:

Input: 12345
Output: 15

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int n, sum = 0;
    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    while (n > 0) {
        sum += n % 10;
        n /= 10;
    }

    printf("Sum of digits: %d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}

5. Convert Decimal to Binary Number

Problem: Write a C program to convert the Decimal to a Binary number.

Example:

Input: 10
Output: Binary of the given number = 1010

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int n;
    printf("Enter the number to convert: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    int binary[32], i = 0;
    while (n > 0) {
        binary[i] = n % 2;
        n = n / 2;
        i++;
    }

    printf("Binary of the given number = ");
    for (i = i - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        printf("%d", binary[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}

6. Pointer Array Output Question

Problem: What is the output of the following program?

Example:

Input: No input is required
Output: 10

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 10, c = 15;
    int *arr[] = {&a, &b, &c};
    printf("%d\n", *arr[1]);
    return 0;
}

7. Reconstruct Original Array from Prefix XOR

Problem: Given an array of prefix XOR values, reconstruct the original array.

Example:

Input: 3 5 2 10
Output: Original Array: 3 8 10 2

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

void findOriginalArray(int pref[], int n, int arr[]) {
    arr[0] = pref[0];
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        arr[i] = pref[i] ^ pref[i - 1];
    }
}

int main() {
    int pref[] = {3, 5, 2, 10};
    int n = sizeof(pref) / sizeof(pref[0]);
    int originalArray[4];
    findOriginalArray(pref, n, originalArray);

    printf("Original Array: ");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("%d ", originalArray[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

8. Reverse a Given String

Problem: Write a program to reverse a given string.

Example:

Input: nxtwave
Output: evawtxn

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    char str[100];
    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);

    int n = strlen(str);
    for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        printf("%c", str[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

9. Check if a Number is Prime

Problem: Write a program to check if a number is prime.

Example:

Input: 29
Output: Prime

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int n, isPrime = 1;
    printf("Enter a number: ");
    scanf("%d", &n);

    if (n <= 1) isPrime = 0;
    for (int i = 2; i * i <= n; i++) {
        if (n % i == 0) {
            isPrime = 0;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (isPrime) printf("Prime\n");
    else printf("Not Prime\n");
    return 0;
}

10. Count Number of Vowels in a String

Problem: Write a program to count the number of vowels in a given string.

Example:

Input: Hello World
Output: Number of vowels: 3

Solution in C:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    char str[100];
    int count = 0;

    printf("Enter a string: ");
    gets(str);

    for (int i = 0; str[i] != '\0'; i++) {
        char ch = str[i];
        if (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u' ||
            ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'U') {
            count++;
        }
    }

    printf("Number of vowels: %d\n", count);
    return 0;
}

Tips to Crack IBM Coding Assessment

To improve your probabilities of succeeding the IBM coding assessment, you can explore research-based strategies and the best online resources or preparation techniques you can employ:

1. Understand the IBM Exam Pattern and Syllabus

Check out the current syllabus for the IBM assessment test and the pattern of the exam. Usually the IBM coding assessment test has 2 coding questions to be done in 55 minutes and can be attempted in languages like C, C++, Java, Python, etc. Therefore, it is essential to know beforehand the question format and the marking scheme for the exams. It would make your IBM online assessments preparation much more productive.

2. Practice on Realistic Coding Platforms

Use platforms such as HackerRank, CodeSignal, LeetCode, and Nxtwave LastMinutePro, which offer IBM placement papers with answers and practice problems that closely resemble actual IBM coding questions. Practicing on these platforms helps you get comfortable with the interface and types of problems you'll encounter.

3. Master Core Topics from the Syllabus

Focus your preparation on the most frequently tested topics in the IBM coding assessment syllabus, such as arrays, strings, recursion, sorting algorithms, data structures (stacks, queues, trees, graphs), and mathematical problems. Familiarity with these areas is essential for IBM online exam preparation.

4. Write Efficient and Clean Code

IBM values not just correct solutions, but also code quality and optimization. Always use meaningful variable names, proper indentation, and comments where needed. Be prepared to analyze and discuss the time and space complexity of your solutions, as this is a common follow-up in interviews.

5. Read and Analyze Each Problem Carefully

Take time to fully understand the problem statement, input/output format, and constraints before coding. Misinterpreting the question is a common pitfall in coding assessments.

6. Plan Your Solution Before Coding

Outline your approach, consider possible edge cases, and think through your logic before you start typing code. This minimizes errors and saves time during the actual assessment.

7. Test Your Code with Sample and Edge Cases

When you finish each problem, run your code against sample inputs as well as edge cases (without inputs, large numbers, or edge cases that meet some other unique constraints) to test your robustness.

8. Manage Your Time Effectively

Pay attention to the timer and tend to your time based on the difficulty of each question. If you struggle, move on to the next question and return if you have time. Practicing IBM placement papers, with a slight time restriction and/or timed mock interview can help you build this skill.

9. Simulate Exam Conditions with Mock Interviews

Take mock interviews and timed practice tests to replicate real exam pressure. This builds confidence and helps you stay calm and focused during the actual IBM coding assessment.

10. Leverage Community Resources and Shared Experiences

Find sources to previous IBM placement papers with answers, IBM communication skills assessments, and shared experiences from others who have gone through the interview process in online forums and blogs. All of this can be helpful in framing your expectations and knowing how to prepare.

By utilizing these strategies, in conjunction with Nxtwave LastMinutePro, CodeSignal, HackerRank, and LeetCode for IBM online exam preparation, you will successfully build the confidence and proficiency required for the IBM coding assessment.

Conclusion

As you conclude this guide, keep in mind that the essence of succeeding on an IBM coding assessment is more than solving a handful of problems; it's about the thinking of an engineer. Achieving success in their coding assessments means solving the problems thoughtfully, writing clean and efficient code, and remaining calm under pressure. Being confident in these areas prepares you not only for their assessments, but also to establish a problem-solving mindset that IBM looks for in its engineers.

Key Takeaways from This Guide

  1. Clear roadmap of IBM's coding test — how it's structured, what's asked, and how to tackle it smartly.

  2. Real coding examples that matter — step-by-step programs in C that mirror IBM's actual questions.

  3. Essential topics decoded — arrays, strings, recursion, and data structures explained simply for fast revision.

  4. Proven strategies from top performers — how they managed time, debugged efficiently, and stayed confident.

  5. Practical preparation plan — tools, mock platforms, and insider tips to make your IBM attempt count.

Now it's your turn code, practice, and let your logic do the talking.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How do I prepare for IBM coding and technical rounds?

Practice coding problems on platforms like Hackerrank, review previous year's questions and engage in mock interviews to build confidence and improve your coding skills.

2. What should I do if I get stuck on a problem?

Breakdown the problem into smaller parts, and try to implement a brute force solution first. If that doesn't work, move on to the next question and come back if time permits.

3. What is the format of the IBM coding assessment?

The IBM coding assessment typically consists of 2 coding questions to be solved in 55 minutes. The test is usually non-adaptive and may not include negative marking.

4. Which programming languages are permitted to use for the IBM coding test?

Typically, you can complete the IBM coding test in languages such as C, C++, Java, and Python. Every year or sometimes for every platform, the options may change, so always verify in the instructions on your assessment portal.

5. What is the difficulty level of the IBM coding questions?

The coding questions are ranged between medium and high difficulty level, concentrating on clarity of logic, data structures, and algorithms.

6. What syllabus topics can one expect in the IBM coding assessment?

Common topics include arrays, strings, recursion, sorting algorithms, data structures (stacks, queues, trees, and graphs), and somewhat basic mathematical problems.

7. Is there a separate English or communication skills assessment?

YES, IBM might have a distinct assessment for our English or communication skills - as a part of the overall interview process. The examinations can be verbal ability or written ability in English.

8. How should I prepare for the IBM coding assessment?

Try to practice coding problems on Nxtwave LatMinPro, HackerRank, and LeetCode. Look at previous years' questions, think about doing mock interviews, and focus on understanding the problem statement well.

9. What should I do if I get stuck on a problem during the assessment?

Try to break the problem down into parts, start with brute force, and after that consider the following question if you can't solve the problem, or come back if you have time.

10. Are there resources or sample papers available for practice?

Yes, you can find IBM placement papers and sample questions on platforms like PrepInsta, HackerRank, and company-specific blogs.

11. What is the IBM hiring process after the coding assessment?

After clearing the coding assessment, candidates may face technical interviews, communication/English tests, and HR interviews as part of the selection process.

12. Is there a retake option if I face technical issues during the online test?

Retake policies depend if you are following IBM's recruitment guidelines for that year. If you run into technical issues, please reach out to the support team included in your assessment instructions as soon as possible.

13. What types of coding questions are asked in IBM interviews?

Commonly, candidates face questions related to data structures, algorithms, and general problem-solving.


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