Most Common Cognizant Interview Questions (2025 Edition) – With Expert Answers

Some of the common HR interview questions to expect at the Cognizant are: 

1. Tell me about yourself.

Sample Answer: I’m a [your profession/degree] with a strong background in [relevant skills or industry]. Over the past few years, I have developed expertise in [specific skills or technologies], particularly focusing on [specific focus areas]. I’m passionate about [specific areas of interest], and I’ve always enjoyed solving problems and collaborating with teams to achieve results. I’m someone who thrives in dynamic, fast-paced environments, and I’m constantly looking for opportunities to learn and grow. Outside of work, I enjoy [personal interests] which help me maintain a balanced life.

2. Why are you interested in working at Cognizant?

Sample Answer: I’ve always admired Cognizant’s reputation for innovation and delivering cutting-edge solutions to clients across industries. The company’s commitment to digital transformation and its focus on empowering employees through continuous learning really resonates with my professional values. Additionally, I’m excited about the opportunity to work with diverse teams and contribute to the company’s mission of helping clients achieve their business goals using technology. I see Cognizant as a place where I can grow both personally and professionally.

3. What do you know about Cognizant and its culture?

Sample Answer: Cognizant is a leading global professional services company that provides digital, technology, consulting, and operations services. The company has a strong focus on helping clients achieve digital transformation through innovative solutions. Cognizant’s culture is known for being collaborative, inclusive, and empowering, with a strong emphasis on learning and development. I appreciate the company’s commitment to giving back to communities and creating a positive social impact. From what I’ve gathered, the workplace is dynamic, values-driven, and fosters creativity and teamwork.

4. How do you handle working in a fast-paced and dynamic environment?

Sample Answer: I thrive in fast-paced environments because I enjoy the challenge of managing multiple tasks and priorities. My approach is to stay organized, set clear priorities, and focus on delivering results while remaining adaptable to change. I also make sure to communicate effectively with my team, which helps prevent misunderstandings and keeps everyone aligned on key objectives. By staying calm under pressure and maintaining a proactive mindset, I’m able to navigate complex situations and meet deadlines without compromising on quality.

5. Describe a time when you faced a challenging situation at work and how you resolved it.

Sample Answer: In a previous role, I was working on a project with tight deadlines when we encountered a significant technical issue that delayed progress. I took the initiative to bring the team together for a brainstorming session, where we identified the root cause and came up with a revised plan. We broke down the problem into manageable tasks and delegated them based on team members’ strengths. I also communicated regularly with stakeholders to manage expectations. In the end, we resolved the issue ahead of the revised deadline and delivered the project successfully.

6. How do you prioritize your tasks and manage your time effectively?

Sample Answer: I prioritize tasks by first understanding their urgency and importance, aligning them with my long-term goals and the project’s objectives. I use time management tools, like task lists and project management software, to stay organized. I also break larger tasks into smaller, more manageable steps. If something urgent comes up, I reassess my priorities and adjust my schedule accordingly. I believe in maintaining flexibility, but always with an eye on the bigger picture to ensure I’m making the best use of my time.

7. How do you handle working in a team and collaborating with others?

Sample Answer: I enjoy collaborating with others because it brings diverse perspectives that lead to better solutions. I believe in clear communication, active listening, and being open to feedback. In team settings, I ensure that everyone’s voice is heard and that we’re all aligned on goals and timelines. I’m also comfortable taking on leadership or supportive roles as needed, depending on the situation. To foster collaboration, I encourage a positive and respectful environment where everyone feels comfortable sharing their ideas.

8. What do you consider your strengths and weaknesses?

Sample Answer: My key strengths include my ability to problem-solve creatively, my strong communication skills, and my adaptability in dynamic environments. I’m also highly organized and committed to continuous learning. As for weaknesses, I tend to be a perfectionist at times, which can sometimes slow me down. However, I’ve been working on balancing attention to detail with efficiency by setting more realistic expectations and focusing on delivering quality work on time.

9. How do you handle feedback and criticism from supervisors or clients?

Sample Answer: I view feedback as an opportunity for growth. When I receive constructive criticism, I listen carefully, ask clarifying questions if needed, and focus on how I can improve. I always appreciate when feedback is specific and actionable because it helps me make tangible changes. If there’s ever a situation where I disagree with the feedback, I approach it with an open mind, engage in a respectful conversation, and work collaboratively to find common ground and a path forward.

10. Tell me about a time when you demonstrated leadership skills.

Sample Answer: At my previous job, I was asked to lead a cross-functional team on a high-priority project with tight deadlines. There were different perspectives and some conflicts regarding how to approach the work, so I facilitated several meetings to encourage open dialogue. I ensured that team members had the resources and support they needed and delegated tasks based on each person’s strengths. By maintaining clear communication and keeping the team motivated, we were able to complete the project on time and exceed client expectations.

11. How do you stay motivated and engaged in your work?

Sample Answer: I stay motivated by setting both short-term and long-term goals and focusing on the impact of my work. I enjoy challenges, so I seek out opportunities to tackle new problems and improve my skills. Additionally, I value recognition, but I find intrinsic satisfaction in knowing that I’m contributing to the success of the team and organization. Keeping a positive attitude, celebrating small wins, and staying curious also help me maintain high engagement in my work.

12. What are your long-term career goals and how do you see yourself growing within Cognizant?

Sample Answer: My long-term career goal is to take on increasing responsibility in [specific role or field], to become an expert in [specific area]. I see myself growing within Cognizant by leveraging the company’s focus on continuous learning and development. I’m eager to take on challenging projects that will help me expand my knowledge and leadership abilities. In the future, I hope to contribute to the company’s strategic initiatives, working closely with clients and teams to drive innovation and success.

13. Why do you want to join Cognizant?

I'm excited about the opportunity to join Cognizant because of its reputation as a leader in technology services and consulting. I admire the company's focus on driving digital transformation for clients across various industries, and I believe that my skills and expertise could contribute to these innovative solutions. Additionally, Cognizant's emphasis on fostering a collaborative and inclusive culture aligns with my own values. The chance to work alongside talented professionals on cutting-edge projects and to help businesses navigate complex challenges.

14. How would you describe your attitude towards work and learning new skills?

Sample Answer: I maintain a positive attitude and am always enthusiastic about learning. I believe that continuous learning not only helps me grow professionally but also enables me to contribute more effectively to my team and organisation.

15.​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌ What can you tell me about Cognizant's company culture and why do you think you would be a fit for the organisation? 

Sample Answer: The company culture at Cognizant is founded on the core values of collaboration, diversity, and a commitment to excellence. As I am a person who lives by these values, my talents, especially in the areas of teamwork, adaptability, and open communication, would enable me to be a good fit for the organization. 

16. Could you share such a time experience that confidence and clarity were required from you, and it was a challenging situation? 

Sample Answer: In my previous job, I was tasked with leading a project that had to be completed within a tight deadline. I outlined the plan clearly to my team, and I addressed the issues with confidence, which in the end, led to our success in delivering the project. 

17. How do you keep the expectations of your role consistent with the job requirements? 

Sample Answer: First and foremost, it is my duty to understand what the job requires thoroughly, and if there is ever a need for clarification, I will ask my manager or the team. This enables me to ensure that my work aligns with the company’s goals and meets the expectations set for my role. 

18. Tell me about a time when you were involved in a panel or extempore speech. How did you manage it? 

Sample Answer:  As part of my college placement process, I participated in a panel interview that also included an extemporaneous speech round. I listened intently to the topic, quickly formulated my ideas, and spoke confidently, ensuring that my answer was not only straightforward but also relevant. 

19. How do you get ready for interviews so that you can confidently and clearly present yourself? 

Sample Answer: I begin by conducting a self-assessment of the job requirements, and then I proceed to learn about the company culture. I also practice some common HR questions and this kind of preparation enables me to have the confidence and clarity required for a smooth presentation of my ideas during the ​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌interview.

Key Takeaways So Far

• HR rounds gauge cultural fit and emotional intelligence beyond professional achievements.
• Using real experiences adds credibility and depth to interview responses.
• Demonstrating openness to feedback highlights self-awareness and a learning mindset.

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1. Explain the concept of pointers in C.

A pointer is a variable that stores the address of another variable. It is used to point to the variables indirectly. It makes it possible to manipulate the values.

2. Can you explain memory leaks?

A memory leak occurs when objects available in a heap are not utilised. The garbage collector fails to remove it from memory. Hence these objects are kept in the memory unnecessarily. Memory leaks can lead to performance issues and are bad for the application's health.

3. How does garbage collection work? What algorithm is used in garbage collection?

Garbage collection is a memory management mechanism. An algorithm automatically detects the unused objects in the memory and deletes them.

The most commonly used garbage collection algorithm is Mark and Sweep algorithm.

4. Explain the mark and sweep algorithm.

Objects that are dynamically created are stored in the heap memory. If objects are created without management, the memory will exhaust, crashing the system.

Mark and Sweep algorithm is a garbage collection algorithm. It works in two phases.

In the first phase, the algorithm detects the unused objects in the memory, while in the second phase, these objects are removed from the memory to reclaim the wasted space.

5. What is a dangling pointer?

Pointers that are not initialised with a valid address are called dangling pointers. It occurs during the object destruction phase. The object is destroyed from memory, but the pointer's address is not changed.

6. What is recursion?

The process when a function calls itself directly or indirectly is called Recursion and the corresponding function is called a Recursive function.

7. What is a data type?

A data type is characteristic of the data. It helps the compiler understand how the programmer intends to use the data.

8. Explain malloc function.

The malloc() function stands for memory allocation. It is a function that is used to allocate a block of memory dynamically.

Example:

ptr = (cast-type*) malloc(bite-size);

9. Can you explain a string?

The string is a data type. It is used to represent a sequence of characters.

10. What is an integer?

An integer is a data type. It is used to represent numbers.

11. What is an array?

The array is a collection of similar elements stored in the contiguous memory block. The data stored in the memory can be accessed by index. Arrays are used to store large amounts of data in the memory.

12. What are the primitive data types in Java?

There are eight primitive data types in Java. These data types have no additional methods. It only mentions the size and type of the variable value.

• byte
• short
• int
• long
• float
• double
• boolean
• char

13. What is the difference between int and Integer in Java?

14. What is a bootloader?

The bootloader, also known as the boot manager, is a program essential for booting a computer. It places the computer Operating System into the memory.

15. Explain the difference between interpreter and compiler?

16. What is the OOPs concept?

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is about writing code in functions and procedures. The idea is about writing code in a minimalistic way that reuses code. The OOP follows -

• Abstraction
• Inheritance
• Encapsulation
• Polymorphism

17. Explain Abstraction.

Abstraction is the concept of object-oriented programming that shows only essential attributes while hiding the unnecessary data and implementation from the end-user.

18. Explain Inheritance.

Inheritance is a mechanism that allows one object to acquire all the characteristics and properties of another object. A class used for inheritance is called the base class or superclass, while the class that inherits is called a derived class or subclass.

It can be understood from a simple natural example - The son inherits all the properties and characteristics of his parents. You can create multiple objects using the template of parent objects.

19. Explain Encapsulation.

Encapsulation is a way of protecting the data from outside access. It is done by wrapping it under a single program or function.

The data in an encapsulated class is hidden from other classes by declaring the variables of a class as private.

20. Explain Polymorphism.

Polymorphism means taking multiple forms. The object in the program can act in different ways depending on the message or the event occurring.

A very good example of polymorphism is that a man can have different roles like father, son, or uncle yet he is the same person.

21. What is a constructor?

A constructor is used to initialise the state of an object. It is similar to the method. Every time a class is instantiated, a constructor is used for it. During the instantiation, the memory required for the object is allocated.

There are 2 types of constructors in Java

• Default constructor
• Parameterized constructor

22. Explain Destructor.

Destructor is used to destroy the objects that are created while the class was instantiated. It is a special method that gets called when the object lifecycle comes to an end. It can remove the object from the memory and reclaim the space.

The destructor also releases any locks held by the object and closes the database connections.

23. Is constructor overriding possible in Java?

No, you cannot override a constructor in Java. The constructor is similar to a method because it does not work like the Java method. If you try to call a super class’s constructor in a subclass, the compiler treats it as a method and will throw a compilation error.

24. What is constructor overloading?

Constructor overloading can be defined as the concept of having multiple constructors with different parameters so that every constructor can perform a different task.

In Java, these constructors must have unique signatures and for error-free compilation different set of arguments must be passed to the constructor

Example:

Input:

public class Employee {
int uid;
String name;
        
// Default constructor
Employee() {
System.out.println("This is a default constructor");
}
        
// Parameterized constructor
Employee(int i, String n) {
uid = i;
name = n;
}
        
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Object creation using the default constructor
Employee s = new Employee();
System.out.println("\nDefault Constructor values: \n");
System.out.println("Employee uid: " + s.uid + "\nEmployee Name: " + s.name);
            
System.out.println("\nParameterized Constructor values: \n");
// Object creation using the parameterized constructor
Employee employee = new Employee(10, "John");
System.out.println("Employee uid: " + employee.uid + "\nEmployee Name: " + employee.name);
}
}    

Output:

This is a default constructor

Default Constructor values:
Employee uid: 0
Employee Name: null

Parameterized Constructor values:
Employee uid: 10
Employee Name: John

25. Explain virtual functions.

A virtual function is a member function that is declared in the base class and it is overridden by the derived class. The virtual function helps in achieving runtime polymorphism. Rules to keep in mind for virtual functions:

• It cannot be static.
• It should be accessed using a pointer or reference to the base class.
• A class can have a virtual destructor but not a virtual constructor.

26. What are DML statements?

DML is also known as Data Manipulation Language. These statements are used to manipulate the database objects inside the database.

Following are commands in DML

• Insert
• Delete
• Update

27. What are DDL statements?

DDL is also known as Data Definition Language. These statements are used to define or modify objects in the database.

Following are commands in DDL

• Create
• Alter
• Drop
• Truncate

28. What are data structures and algorithms, and why are they important?

Data structures are ways to organize and store data (like arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues), while algorithms are step-by-step procedures to solve problems. Both are fundamental for writing efficient code and solving technical challenges.

29. What are the basic OOPs concepts in Java or C#?

OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming) concepts include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. These principles help in organizing code and promoting reusability.

30. Can you describe the basic structure of an HTML document?

An HTML document starts with <!DOCTYPE html>, followed by <html>, <head> (contains metadata), and <body> (contains the content). Elements like headings, paragraphs, links, and tables are placed within the body.

31. What is the role of operating systems in computers?

Operating systems manage hardware and software resources, provide user interfaces, and enable the execution of programs by acting as an intermediary between the user and the hardware.

32. What is networking, and why is it essential in modern applications?

Networking refers to connecting computers and devices to share information and resources. It is essential for enabling communication, data sharing, and internet connectivity in modern software applications.

33. What are Python basics that every fresher should know?

Python basics include understanding data types, variables, control structures (if-else, loops), functions, lists, and basic file operations.

34. What is Selenium and how is it used in software development?

Selenium is an open-source tool for automating web browsers. It is widely used for testing web applications by simulating user actions and verifying expected outcomes.

35. What is the difference between Java and C#?

Both Java and C# are object-oriented programming languages. Java is platform-independent and widely used for web and enterprise applications, while C# is primarily used for developing applications on the Microsoft .NET platform.

Below are sample questions and answers covering key database and SQL concepts often asked in Cognizant interviews. All relevant terms are addressed to help you prepare thoroughly.

1. What is normalization, and why is it important in relational databases?

Normalization is the process of structuring the data in a relational database in such a way as to minimize duplication and to increase the consistency of data. It means splitting the big tables into smaller tables that have a relationship with each other and setting up the relations between them. Normalization is very helpful in making database access and management less time-consuming. 

2. What are the different types of database languages?

Database languages are split into different categories:

• Data Definition Language (DDL): A set of commands used to define and change the structure of database objects, e.g., CREATE, ALTER, DROP.
• Data Manipulation Language (DML): The set of commands that deal with the manipulation of data in tables, e.g., SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE.
• Data Control Language (DCL): The set of instructions that handles the access to the database and user privileges management, e.g., GRANT, REVOKE.
• Transaction Control Language (TCL): The commands that are used to manage transactions in the database, e.g., COMMIT, ROLLBACK, ​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌SAVEPOINT.

3. Define structured query language (SQL) and its significance.

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standard programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases. SQL is essential for querying data, updating records, managing database objects, and controlling database access.

4. What are data types and derived datatypes in SQL?

• Data types specify the kind of data that can be stored in a column, such as INT, VARCHAR, DATE, etc.
• Derived datatypes are constructed from basic data types, such as arrays, records, or user-defined types, to handle more complex data structures.

5. What is an index, and how does it improve database access?

An index is a database object that improves the speed of data retrieval operations on a table. It works like an index in a book, allowing the database to find rows more quickly without scanning every record.

6.  What is a database transaction, and what are its main properties?

A database transaction is a sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work. The main properties are known as ACID:

• Atomicity: All operations succeed or none do.
• Consistency: The database remains in a valid state.
• Isolation: Transactions do not interfere with each other.
• Durability: Completed transactions are permanently saved.

7. Explain the purpose of data control language (DCL).

DCL is used to control access to data in a database. Common DCL commands include GRANT (to give user access privileges) and REVOKE (to remove access privileges).

8. What is transaction control language (TCL), and what commands does it include?

TCL manages the changes made by DML statements and controls the processing of transactions in a database. Common TCL commands are:

• COMMIT: Saves all changes made during the transaction.
• ROLLBACK: Undoes changes made during the transaction.
• SAVEPOINT: Sets a point within a transaction to which you can later roll back.

9. What are database objects? Give examples.

Database objects are the components that represent or hold data in the database. Some examples are tables, views, indexes, sequences, triggers, and stored procedures. 

10. What is the role of relational databases in modern applications?

Relational databases organise data in tables that have relationships with each other, making it more manageable, retrievable, and resistant to inconsistencies. They are the backbone of most modern applications because of their stability and ability to handle complex queries. 

Key Takeaways So Far

• One​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌ should know the basics thoroughly while preparing technically instead of just memorizing the definitions by heart.
• When you clearly explain the processes, it shows that you actually understand and can communicate well.
• In practical discussions, solving a problem to show understanding is given more value than the theoretical side being just ​‍​‌‍​‍‌​‍​‌‍​‍‌correct.

Cognizant recognizes that candidates from non-IT backgrounds bring valuable perspectives and foundational knowledge. Technical questions for these candidates focus on essential concepts and practical applications relevant to their educational experience, rather than advanced programming.

Below are sample questions and answers that incorporate all the relevant terms:

1. What is DBMS and why is it important?

DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that manages, organizes, and facilitates access to databases. DBMS is important because it ensures data consistency, security, and efficient data handling.

2. Explain the concept of normalization in a database.

Normalization is the process of structuring a database to minimize redundancy and improve data integrity. It involves dividing large tables into smaller, related tables and defining relationships among them.

Q3: What are data types and why do we use them in programming languages?

Data types define the kind of data a variable can hold, such as integers, floats, or characters. They help programming languages properly allocate memory and perform accurate operations on data.

4. What is the difference between arrays and lists?

Arrays are fixed-size collections of elements of the same data type, stored in contiguous memory locations. Lists are dynamic collections that can grow or shrink in size, and may allow elements of different data types depending on the programming language.

5. Can you briefly explain OOPs concepts?

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. It is a programming paradigm based on objects and classes, emphasizing encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism for better code organization and reusability.

6. What are operating systems, and what is their role?

An operating system is system software that manages the computer hardware and software resources, providing services and an interface for user applications.

7. Describe the basics of Python.

Python is a high-level, easy-to-learn programming language known for its readability. Python basics include understanding data types, lists, arrays, and simple control structures like loops and conditionals.

8. What are data structures and algorithms?

Data structures are ways to organize and store data efficiently (e.g., arrays, lists). Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or formulas for solving problems, essential for effective programming and problem-solving.

9. What is networking in the context of computers?

Networking refers to connecting computers and devices to share resources and data. It involves understanding protocols, hardware, and software that enable communication between devices.

10. Why is it important for non-IT candidates to know foundational programming language concepts?

Understanding basic programming language concepts helps non-IT candidates solve problems, automate tasks, and communicate more effectively with technical teams, making them versatile contributors in any role.

Bottom Line: Non-IT candidates who demonstrate logical reasoning and curiosity stand out as fast learners adaptable to technology roles.

Thorough preparation is essential to succeed in Cognizant interviews. Below are practical tips, strategies, and resources to help you perform your best in every round—including technical, HR, and aptitude assessments. All relevant terms are addressed for a comprehensive guide.

1. Understand the Structure of Each Round

• Communication Round: Practice clear and confident communication, as this round evaluates your ability to articulate thoughts and engage with others, often through extempore speech or group activities.
• Aptitude Section: Focus on quantitative ability, logical reasoning, and programming constructs. Practice problems involving data structures, algorithms, and database/SQL concepts to strengthen your problem-solving skills.

2. Prepare for the Technical Interview

• Brush up the essentials by focusing on data structures, algorithms, database/SQL, and web UI basics. 
• Also, a technical interview dashboard or curated question lists can be used to test your level and pinpoint your weak areas. 
• Work on coding problems and go over your past interview experiences to get a better grasp of the types of technical questions that are usually your face. 

3. Sharpen Your HR Interview Skills

• Think about your personal strengths, what drives you, and your fit with Cognizant’s company culture. 
• Be ready to talk about your interview experience, role expectations, and giving examples of teamwork or leadership. 
• Practising common HR questions and receiving feedback on your answers for clarity and confidence will also be helpful.

4. Utilize Resources and Mock Interviews

• Utilise online platforms that provide practice questions, mock interviews, and technical dashboards.
• Read interview experience stories from successful candidates to gain insights into real interview scenarios and expectations.

5. Additional Tips for Success

• Review programming constructs and web UI basics if your role involves front-end development.
• Maintain a balance between speed and accuracy in the aptitude section.
• Stay updated on the latest trends in data structures, algorithms, and database/SQL technologies.

Quick Note: A focused, structured, and balanced preparation plan is key to performing confidently across all interview rounds.

In conclusion, preparing for a Cognizant interview requires a blend of technical proficiency, analytical reasoning, and a strong cultural fit. Research Cognizant’s services, projects, and global initiatives to show authentic interest and alignment with its vision.

During the interview, highlight your problem-solving mindset, teamwork, adaptability, and communication skills. Use specific examples from academics, internships, or past projects that demonstrate your ability to handle challenges and deliver results.

Approach every round with confidence, curiosity, and professionalism. Being genuine, well-prepared, and enthusiastic about the opportunity to contribute to Cognizant’s mission can leave a lasting impression.

Why It Matters?

Cognizant values individuals who combine technical expertise with creativity, collaboration, and a growth-oriented mindset. Effective preparation ensures you perform with clarity and confidence across every interview stage. This readiness not only increases selection chances but also demonstrates your capability to evolve within Cognizant’s fast-paced, innovation-driven environment where continuous learning defines long-term success.

Practical Advice for Learners

• Allocate daily time slots separately for aptitude, coding, and HR question practice.
• Participate in weekly mock interviews to simulate real scenarios and improve articulation.
• Study Cognizant’s projects and tailor answers to reflect company mission and innovation focus.
• Strengthen conceptual knowledge — understand logic before memorizing answers.
• Seek regular feedback from peers or mentors to refine tone and confidence.
• Track progress using interview dashboards or online practice tools for measurable growth.
• Maintain a balanced, growth-oriented mindset — consistency matters more than perfection.

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Karthik was able to transform his career from a boring job to an exciting job in software!

Talk to a career expert

1. How should I prepare for a technical interview at Cognizant?

To prepare for a technical interview, review the job requirements, refresh your knowledge in relevant programming languages and technologies, practice problem-solving and coding exercises, and be ready to discuss your past technical experiences.

2. Will there be any technical assessments during the interview process?

Yes, Cognizant often includes technical assessments as part of their interview process. These assessments can range from coding tests to technical problem-solving exercises or case studies, depending on the role you are applying for.

3. Is it important to research about Cognizant before the interview?

Yes, researching Cognizant is crucial before the interview. Understanding the company's background, services, culture, and recent initiatives will help you tailor your answers and demonstrate your interest and knowledge during the interview.

4. What is the L2 round in Cognizant for experienced candidates?

The L2 round in Cognizant for experienced candidates is a technical interview conducted by senior technical leads or managers. The focus is on assessing your depth of knowledge in specific technologies and problem-solving abilities based on real-world project scenarios.