Percentage Aptitude Questions: Practice with Answers & Tips

Practicing a wide range of percentage aptitude questions is the best way to master this topic. Below, you’ll find a variety of sample problems covering all the key concepts, along with clear answers and explanations to help you learn and improve. Use these examples to test your understanding and sharpen your problem-solving skills. You can also try an online aptitude test on percentage or a percentage mock test for extra practice.

Basic Percentage Calculations

1. What is 25% of 200?
   Answer: 50
   Explanation: 25% of 200 = (25/100) × 200 = 50
2. Express 0.4 as a percentage.
   Answer: 40%
   Explanation: 0.4 × 100 = 40%
3. What percent of 80 is 32?
   Answer: 40%
   Explanation: (32/80) × 100 = 40%
4. Convert 3/5 to a percentage.
   Answer: 60%
   Explanation: (3/5) × 100 = 60%
5. If 15 is what percent of 60?
   Answer: 25%
   Explanation: (15/60) × 100 = 25%
6. What is 12% of 250?
   Answer: 30
   Explanation: (12/100) × 250 = 30
7. Find 75% of 320.
   Answer: 240
   Explanation: (75/100) × 320 = 240
8. Express 7/20 as a percentage.
   Answer: 35%
   Explanation: (7/20) × 100 = 35%
9. What is 0.02 as a percentage?
   Answer: 2%
   Explanation: 0.02 × 100 = 2%
10. If 18 is 60% of a number, what is the number?
    Answer: 30
    Explanation: 18 = 0.6 × number → number = 18/0.6 = 30

Percentage Increase and Decrease

11. Increase 80 by 25%.
    Answer: 100
    Explanation: 80 + (25/100) × 80 = 80 + 20 = 100
12. Decrease 200 by 20%.
    Answer: 160
    Explanation: 200 − (20/100) × 200 = 200 − 40 = 160
13. A number is increased from 150 to 180. What is the percentage increase?
    Answer: 20%
    Explanation: (180−150)/150 × 100 = 30/150 × 100 = 20%
14. A value drops from 500 to 350. What is the percentage decrease?
    Answer: 30%
    Explanation: (500−350)/500 × 100 = 150/500 × 100 = 30%
15. If a price is increased by 40% and then decreased by 30%, what is the net percentage change?
    Answer: 2% increase
    Explanation: Net change = x + y + (xy/100) = 40 + (−30) + (40×(−30)/100) = 10 − 12 = −2% (So, 2% decrease)
16. A quantity is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. What is the net change?
    Answer: 1% decrease
    Explanation: Net change = 10 + (−10) + (10×(−10)/100) = 0 − 1 = −1%
17. The price of a shirt is ₹400. After a 25% discount, what is the sale price?
    Answer: ₹300
    Explanation: 25% of 400 = 100; 400 − 100 = 300
18. A number is decreased by 20% and then increased by 25%. What is the net percentage change?
    Answer: 0%
    Explanation: Net change = −20 + 25 + (−20×25/100) = 5 − 5 = 0%
19. The population of a town increased from 10,000 to 11,500. What is the percentage increase?
    Answer: 15%
    Explanation: (11,500−10,000)/10,000 × 100 = 1,500/10,000 × 100 = 15%
20. If the value of a machine depreciates by 10% every year, what will be its value after 2 years if its present value is ₹1,000?
    Answer: ₹810
    Explanation: Year 1: 1,000 × 0.9 = 900; Year 2: 900 × 0.9 = 810

Application: Profit, Loss, and Discounts

21. A shopkeeper buys an item for ₹200 and sells it for ₹250. What is the profit percentage?
    Answer: 25%
    Explanation: Profit = 50; (50/200) × 100 = 25%
22. An item is sold at a 10% loss for ₹180. What was its cost price?
    Answer: ₹200
    Explanation: Let CP = x; x − 0.1x = 180 → 0.9x = 180 → x = 200
23. A product is marked at ₹500 and sold for ₹400. What is the discount percentage?
    Answer: 20%
    Explanation: (500−400)/500 × 100 = 100/500 × 100 = 20%
24. A trader marks his goods 30% above cost price and allows a discount of 10%. What is his profit percentage?
    Answer: 17%
    Explanation: Let CP = 100; Marked Price = 130; Selling Price = 130 − 13 = 117; Profit = 17%
25. If a shopkeeper sells an item at a 20% profit and the cost price is ₹250, what is the selling price?
    Answer: ₹300
    Explanation: 250 + (20/100)×250 = 250 + 50 = 300
26. A watch costing ₹400 is sold at a loss of 15%. What is the selling price?
    Answer: ₹340
    Explanation: 400 − (15/100)×400 = 400 − 60 = 340
27. A man sells an article for ₹540 at a 10% loss. What was the cost price?
    Answer: ₹600
    Explanation: 540 = 0.9 × CP → CP = 540/0.9 = 600
28. A product is sold at a 25% profit. If the cost price is ₹80, what is the selling price?
    Answer: ₹100
    Explanation: 80 + 0.25×80 = 100
29. A shopkeeper marks an article 40% above cost and allows a discount of 20%. Find his profit percentage.
    Answer: 12%
    Explanation: Let CP = 100; MP = 140; SP = 140 − 28 = 112; Profit = 12%
30. A trader buys a cycle for ₹1,200 and sells it at a loss of 8%. Find the selling price.
    Answer: ₹1,104
    Explanation: 1,200 − (8/100)×1,200 = 1,200 − 96 = 1,104

Population and Salary Changes

31. If the population of a city increases by 5% annually, what will be the population after 2 years if the current population is 20,000?
    Answer: 22,050
    Explanation: Year 1: 20,000×1.05 = 21,000; Year 2: 21,000×1.05 = 22,050
32. A salary of ₹15,000 is increased by 10% and then by 20%. What is the final salary?
    Answer: ₹19,800
    Explanation: First increase: 15,000×1.10 = 16,500; Second: 16,500×1.20 = 19,800
33. If a population decreases by 12% in one year, what is the population next year if it is currently 40,000?
    Answer: 35,200
    Explanation: 40,000×0.88 = 35,200
34. A man’s salary is ₹25,000. It is first increased by 8%, then reduced by 5%. What is his final salary?
    Answer: ₹25,460
    Explanation: 25,000×1.08 = 27,000; 27,000×0.95 = 25,650
35. A town’s population increases by 10% for the first year and decreases by 10% the next. What is the net change after 2 years if the starting population is 5,000?
    Answer: 4,950
    Explanation: Year 1: 5,000×1.10 = 5,500; Year 2: 5,500×0.90 = 4,950
36. A worker’s salary is decreased by 20% and then increased by 25%. What is the net percentage change?
    Answer: 0%
    Explanation: Net change = −20 + 25 + (−20×25/100) = 5 − 5 = 0%
37. If a population of 30,000 increases by 15% each year, what is the population after 2 years?
    Answer: 39,675
    Explanation: Year 1: 30,000×1.15 = 34,500; Year 2: 34,500×1.15 = 39,675
38. A salary of ₹18,000 is increased by 12%. What is the new salary?
    Answer: ₹20,160
    Explanation: 18,000×1.12 = 20,160
39. If a population is reduced by 5% annually, what is the population after 3 years if the present population is 10,000?
    Answer: 8,573
    Explanation: 10,000×0.95×0.95×0.95 = 8,573
40. A man’s monthly salary is ₹25,000. If he spends 60% of it, how much does he save?
    Answer: ₹10,000
    Explanation: 100% − 60% = 40%; 25,000×0.40 = 10,000

Exam Scores and Pass Percentages

41. If a student scores 60 out of 80, what is his percentage score?
    Answer: 75%
    Explanation: (60/80)×100 = 75%
42. A student needs 40% to pass. If the exam is out of 200 marks, how many marks are needed to pass?
    Answer: 80
    Explanation: (40/100)×200 = 80
43. A student scores 72 marks in an exam and obtains 90%. What is the total marks?
    Answer: 80
    Explanation: 72 = 0.9×total; total = 72/0.9 = 80
44. If 30% students passed in Maths, 50% in English and 10% in both, what percentage failed in both?
    Answer: 30%
    Explanation: Passed at least one = 30+50−10 = 70; Failed in both = 100−70 = 30%
45. A student needs to score at least 50% to pass. If he scores 120 marks and fails by 30 marks, what are the maximum marks?
    Answer: 300
    Explanation: Passing marks = 120+30=150; 50% of total = 150 → total = 300
46. If a student scores 40% in the first paper out of 150 marks and 60% in the second out of 200 marks, what is his overall percentage?
    Answer: 52.22%
    Explanation: First: 60; Second: 120; Total: 180/350 × 100 = 51.43%
47. If 80% of students pass in English, 70% in Maths and 60% in both, what percent failed in both?
    Answer: 10%
    Explanation: Passed at least one = 80+70−60=90; Failed in both = 100−90 = 10%
48. In an exam of 500 marks, a student gets 400. What is his percentage?
    Answer: 80%
    Explanation: (400/500)×100 = 80%
49. If 75% of a class of 40 students passed, how many failed?
    Answer: 10
    Explanation: 75% of 40 = 30 passed; 40−30 = 10 failed
50. If a student scores 35% and gets 140 marks, what are the maximum marks?
    Answer: 400
    Explanation: 140 = 0.35×total; total = 140/0.35 = 400

Comparative Percentages & Mixtures

51. What is the percentage increase from 40 to 50?
    Answer: 25%
    Explanation: (50−40)/40 × 100 = 25%
52. A’s salary is 20% more than B’s. If B’s salary is ₹15,000, what is A’s salary?
    Answer: ₹18,000
    Explanation: 15,000 + 0.2×15,000 = 18,000
53. If A is 25% less than B, and B is 80, what is A?
    Answer: 60
    Explanation: A = 80 − 0.25×80 = 60
54. The price of sugar is increased by 10%. By what percent should consumption be reduced to keep the expenditure same?
    Answer: 9.09%
    Explanation: Reduction = (10/110)×100 = 9.09%
55. A mixture contains 30% alcohol. How much water should be added to 40 liters of mixture to reduce alcohol to 20%?
    Answer: 20 liters
    Explanation: Alcohol = 12L; Let x = water added; 12/(40+x) = 0.2 → x = 20
56. If the price of a commodity falls by 20%, how much more can be bought for the same money?
    Answer: 25% more
    Explanation: Increase = (20/80)×100 = 25%
57. A man’s income is 25% more than another’s. By what percent is the other’s income less than the first?
    Answer: 20%
    Explanation: Let A = 125, B = 100; Difference = 25/125 × 100 = 20%
58. If the price of petrol increases from ₹50 to ₹60, by what percent must consumption decrease to keep expenditure same?
    Answer: 16.67%
    Explanation: Reduction = (10/60)×100 = 16.67%
59. A solution contains 40% acid. How much water should be added to 100 ml to make it 25% acid?
    Answer: 60 ml
    Explanation: Acid = 40 ml; 40/(100+x) = 0.25 → x = 60
60. If a number is 20% more than another number, by what percent is the second number less than the first?
    Answer: 16.67%
    Explanation: Let first = 120, second = 100; Decrease = (20/120)×100 = 16.67%

What We Learned So Far

• Exposure to varied question types prepares you for any exam scenario.
• Reviewing solutions helps identify patterns and common tricks.
• Practicing with explanations improves conceptual clarity.

• Master the Basics: Ensure you have a strong grasp of basic percentage formulas and conversions between percentages, decimals, and fractions.
• Practice Regularly: Work through a variety of percentage problems daily to build speed and accuracy.
• Understand the Language: Carefully read each question to identify exactly what is being asked—look out for words like “increase,” “decrease,” “more than,” and “less than.”
• Use Shortcuts and Tricks: Learn and apply mental math techniques and shortcut formulas for successive percentage changes and quick calculations.
• Analyze Mistakes: Review your errors to understand where you went wrong and avoid repeating the same mistakes.
• Simulate Exam Conditions: Time yourself while practicing sets of questions to improve your ability to solve problems under pressure.
• Mix Problem Types: Practice questions from all key topics—basic calculations, profit & loss, mixtures, comparative percentages, and exam score scenarios—to ensure comprehensive preparation.
• Revise Regularly: Periodically revisit important concepts, formulas, and previously solved questions to reinforce your learning.
• Seek Clarification: If you’re stuck on a concept or question, don’t hesitate to ask for help or look up explanations to build a solid foundation.

Quick Tip: By following these tips, you’ll enhance your problem-solving abilities and approach percentage questions with greater confidence in any exam or real-life scenario.

If you’re looking for more percentage aptitude questions for TCS or Infosys, enhance your preparation with easily accessible offline materials. Here’s how these resources can support your study:

• Practice Anytime, Anywhere: Downloadable PDFs and eBooks let you solve percentage aptitude questions even without internet access.
• Comprehensive Question Banks: Many resources include a wide variety of question types, answer keys, and detailed explanations.
• Structured Revision: Organized practice sets and quizzes in PDF format help you systematically review key concepts.
• Trusted Sources: Look for materials from reputable educational websites and exam prep platforms to ensure quality and accuracy.

Bottom Line: Using these resources alongside your regular practice can make your study routine more flexible and effective.

Percentage aptitude questions are a staple of quantitative aptitude sections in competitive exams. By understanding the concepts, practicing regularly, and using effective shortcuts, you can improve your performance and boost your confidence. Start practicing today to ace your next exam!

Why It Matters

Percentage aptitude questions are fundamental to success in quantitative exams and play a vital role in everyday decision-making. Mastering this topic improves not only your test scores but also your real-world analytical skills.

Practical Advice for Learners

• Start with basics and gradually tackle more complex problems.
• Use a mix of online and offline resources for comprehensive practice.
• Time yourself during practice to improve speed and accuracy.
• Review explanations for all practice questions, not just the ones you get wrong.
• Join study groups or forums to discuss tricky problems.
• Regularly revisit key concepts and formulas to keep them fresh.